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This paper explores the implications of nonlinear anisotropic behavior models on the simulation of magnetic losses in a toroidal core made of a conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) within a finite element method (FEM) simulation environment. GO laminations are commonly used to improve the efficiency of electrical machines, but their complex behavior requires accurate modeling. Nonlinear resolutions for different anisotropy models were implemented and compared with a measurement-based model. Then, an anisotropic iron loss model from Appino et al. has been applied to evaluate the iron losses. This method provides a decisive way to qualitatively assess various models directly, relying on measurable quantities of interest.

Grain-oriented laminations are widely used to enhance the efficiency of transformers and electrical machines, but their anisotropic and nonlinear magnetic behavior requires accurate modeling. A phenomenological anisotropy model proposed by Fiorillo [1], based solely on measurements along the rolling (RD) and transverse (TD) directions, is implemented in a finite element environment. To evaluate its performance, simulations are carried out on simplified cases of a toroidal core and a transformer corner and compared with the Enokizono model [2], which uses direct measurement data [3] across angular steps without phenomenological assumptions. In addition, a mixed model has been developed, combining the magnitude variation of the Enokizono model with the angular variation of the Fiorillo model. Magnetic losses are computed in post-processing using the anisotropic loss model of Appino [4].

This paper explores the implications of nonlinear anisotropic behavior models on the simulation of magnetic losses in a transformer made of a conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) within a finite element method (FEM) simulation environment. GO laminations are commonly used to improve the efficiency of electrical machines, but their complex behavior requires accurate modeling. Nonlinear resolutions for different anisotropy models were implemented and compared with isotropic nonlinear and linear anisotropic models. Then, the iron losses were estimated using an anisotropic model developed by Appino et al.

This paper explores the implications of nonlinear anisotropic behavior models on the simulation of magnetic losses in a toroidal core made of a conventional Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES) within a finite element method (FEM) simulation environment. GO laminations are commonly used to improve the efficiency of electrical machines, but their complex behavior requires accurate modeling. Nonlinear resolutions for different anisotropy models were implemented and compared with a measurement-based model. Then, an anisotropic iron loss model from Appino et al. has been applied to evaluate the iron losses. This method provides a decisive way to qualitatively assess various models directly, relying on measurable quantities of interest.

Cet article étudie la prise en compte de l'anisotropie par différents modèles de comportement dans la simulation des pertes magnétiques d'un transformateur constitué d'acier électrique conventionnel à grains orientés (GO) dans un environnement de simulation par la méthode des éléments finis. Les tôles GO sont couramment utilisées pour améliorer l'efficacité des machines électriques, mais leur comportement complexe nécessite une modélisation précise. Des résolutions non-linéaires pour différents modèles d'anisotropie ont été mises en oeuvre et comparées à des modélisations non-linéaires isotropes et linéaires anisotropes. Ensuite, un modèle de perte de fer anisotrope d'Appino et al. a été appliqué pour évaluer les pertes de fer.