Individual information
Taoufik QORIA | ||
Titre | Post-Doctorant | |
Equipe | Réseaux | |
Adresse | Arts et Métiers ParisTech - Campus Lille 8, boulevard Louis XIV 59046 LILLE CEDEX | |
Téléphone | 0633681251 | |
Taoufik.qoria@ensam.eu | ||
Réseau scientifique | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Qoria_Taoufik | |
Observation / Thématique de recherche | Grid-forming control to achieve a 100% power electronics interfaced power transmission systems | |
Publications |
International Journals |
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[1] Fast Voltage Boosters to Improve Transient Stability of Power Systems With 100% of Grid-Forming VSC-Based Generation IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 12/2022 AVILA MARTINEZ Enrique, RENEDO Javier, ROUCO Luis, GARCIA-CERRADA Aurelio, SIGRIST Lukas, QORIA Taoufik, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[2] Integration of a Storage Device to the DC Bus of a Grid-Forming Controlled HVDC Interconnection Electric Power System Research, Vol. 212, 11/2022 ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[3] Transient Stability Assessment and Enhancement of Grid-Forming Converters Embedding Current Reference Saturation as Current Limiting Strategy IEEE Trans. on Power System, Vol. 37, N°. 1, 03/2022 ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[4] A PLL-Free Grid-Forming Control with Decoupled Functionalities for High-Power Transmission System Applications IEEE Access, 10/2020 QORIA Taoufik, ROKROK Ebrahim, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[5] Classification of Droop-Based Grid-Forming Control Schemes: Application in Forced Commutated Converter-Based HVDC Systems Electric Power Systems Research (EPSR), 08/2020 ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[6] Current Limiting Algorithms and Transient Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming VSCs Electric Power Systems Research (EPSR), 08/2020 QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier, KESTELYN Xavier |
[7] Critical clearing time determination and enhancement of grid-forming converters embedding virtual impedance as current limitation algorithm IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 12/2019, URL, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, DENIS Guillaume, PREVOST Thibault, GUILLAUD Xavier |
The present paper deals with the post-fault synchronization of a voltage source converter based on the droop control. In case of large disturbances on the grid, the current is limited via current limitation algorithms such as the virtual impedance. During the fault, the power converter internal frequency deviates resulting in a converter angle divergence. Thereby, the system may lose the synchronism after fault clearing and which may lead to instability. Hence, this paper proposes a theoretical approach to explain the dynamic behavior of the grid forming converter subject to a three phase bolted fault. A literal expression of the critical clearing time is defined. Due to the precise analysis of the phenomenon, a simple algorithm can be derived to enhance the transient stability. It is based on adaptive gain included in the droop control. These objectives have been achieved with no external information and without switching from one control to the other. To prove the effectiveness of the developed control, experimental test cases have been performed in different faulted conditions. |
[8] Direct AC Voltage Control for Grid-forming Inverters Journal of Power Electronics, 12/2019, URL, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, LI Chuanyue Li, OUE Ko, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier |
Grid-forming inverters usually use inner cascaded controllers in order to regulate the output AC voltage and the converter
output current. Yet, at the power transmission system level where the power inverter bandwidth is limited (i.e.; low switching
frequency), it is difficult to tune its controller parameters to achieve the desired performances because of the control loops
interactions. In this paper, a direct AC voltage control based state-feedback control is applied. Its control gains are tuned using
the linear quadratic regulator. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis is proposed in order to choose the right cost factors that allow
the system to achieve the imposed specifications. Conventionally, the system based on direct AC voltage control has no restriction on the inverter current. Hence, in this paper, threshold virtual impedance has been added to the state-feedback control in order to protect the inverter against overcurrent. The robustness of the proposed control is assessed for different short circuit ratio using small signal stability analysis, then, checked in different grid topologies using time domain simulations. An experimental test bench is developed in order to validate the proposed control. |
[9] Coupling influence on the dq impedance stability analysis for the three-phase grid-connected inverter MDPI Energies, 09/2019, URL, Abstract LI Chuanyue Li, QORIA Taoufik, COLAS Frédéric, JUN Liang, WENLONG Ming, GRUSON François, GUILLAUD Xavier |
The dq impedance stability analysis for a grid-connected current-control inverter is based
on the impedance ratio matrix. However, the coupled matrix brings the difficulties to derive its
eigenvalues for the analysis based on the General Nyquist Criterion. If the couplings are ignored for
simplification, the unacceptable errors will present in the analysis. In this paper, the influence of the
couplings on the dq impedance stability analysis is studied. For taking the couplings into account
simply, the determinant-based impedance stability analysis is used. The mechanism between the
determinant of the impedance-ratio matrix and the inverter stability is unveiled. Compared to the
eigenvalues-based analysis, only one determinant rather than two eigenvalue s-function is required
for the stability analysis. One Nyquist plot or polemap can be applied to the determinant for checking
the right-half-plane poles. The accuracy of the determinant-based stability analysis is also checked
by comparing with the state-space stability analysis method. For the stability analysis, the coupling
influence on the current control, phase-locked loop and the grid impedance are studied. The errors
can be 10% in the stability analysis if the couplings are ignored. |
International Conferences and Symposiums |
[1] Impact of grid-forming control on the internal energy of a modular multi-level converter EPE2020, 09/2020, Abstract ZHANG Haibo |
This paper presents a comparative analysis of the dynamic behavior of a Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) with grid-forming control either with or without controlling the MMC internal energy. It has been demonstrated that the internal energy of the MMC in low-level control interacts with the high-level control, which is performed by a grid-forming scheme. In case of controlling the internal energy of the MMC, this interaction is mitigated. Moreover, it has been shown that the dynamic behavior of a grid-forming controlled MMC with internal energy control is identical to an equivalent 2-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC). |
[2] Analysis of the coupling between the outer and inner control loops of a Grid-forming Voltage Source Converter EPE2020, 09/2020, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, KESTELYN Xavier, GUILLAUD Xavier |
The question of grid forming control is very different depending on the connection to a low voltage or high voltage grid. In case of higher power application, the low switching frequency may induce some stability issues. This question has been studied and some solutions have been proposed through new inner current and voltage control tuning methods. However, the possible interactions between the inner and the outer controls have not been discussed yet. Actually, in large power system, the phasor modeling approximation is used in order to ease the analysis and reduce the time computations. It assumes a good decoupling between the control loops, which allows neglecting the inner loop dynamics. This paper investigates the effectiveness of this assumption by taking some examples of tuning methods proposed in the literature and showing the ability of each method to guarantee the decoupling between controllers. In this paper, small-signal analysis tool, participation factors and parametric sensitivities are used. |
[3] Impact of grid-forming control on the internal energy of a modular multi-level converter EPE2020, 09/2020, Abstract ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, BELHAOUANE Moez, GUILLAUD Xavier |
This paper presents a comparative analysis of the dynamic behavior of a Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) with grid-forming control either with or without controlling the MMC internal energy. It has been demonstrated that the internal energy of the MMC in low-level control interacts with the high-level control, which is performed by a grid-forming scheme. In case of controlling the internal energy of the MMC, this interaction is mitigated. Moreover, it has been shown that the dynamic behavior of a grid-forming controlled MMC with internal energy control is identical to an equivalent 2-level Voltage Source Converter (VSC). |
[4] Classification of Droop-Based Grid-Forming Control Schemes: Application in Forced Commutated Converter-Based HVDC Systems PSCC 2020, 06/2020 ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
[5] Current Limiting Algorithms and Transient Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming VSCs PSCC 2020, 06/2020 QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier, KESTELYN Xavier |
[6] Effect of Using PLL-Based Grid-Forming Control on Active Power Dynamics Under Various SCR IECON'2019-IEEE, 10/2019, Abstract ROKROK Ebrahim, QORIA Taoufik, BRUYERE Antoine, FRANCOIS Bruno, GUILLAUD Xavier |
This paper investigates the effect of using phaselocked loop (PLL) on the performance of a grid-forming
controlled converter. Usually, a grid-forming controlled
converter operates without dedicated PLL. It is shown that in
this case, the active power dominant dynamics are highly
dependent to the grid short circuit ratio (SCR). In case of using
PLL, the obtained results illustrate that the SCR has a negligible
effect on the dynamic behavior of the system. Moreover, the
power converter will not participate to the frequency regulation
anymore; therefore, the converter response time can be adjusted
independently to the choice of the droop control gain, which is
not possible without PLL. A simple equivalent model is
presented which gives a physical explanation of these features. |
[7] Development of a power hardware in the loop simulation of an islanded microgrid IECON'19, 10/2019, Abstract FAKHAM Hicham, QORIA Taoufik, LEGRY Martin, DUCARME Olivier, COLAS Frédéric |
In this paper a Power Hardware in the loop
simulation has been realized to test in a safely way the
performances and reliability of a device called “PowerCorner”
used to supply an islanded microgrid. A real-time model has
been developed in order to simulate the microgrid, batteries and
photovoltaic panels. Some modeling criterions have been
proposed to reduce time-step simulation and enhancing the
Power Hardware in the loop simulation stability. Power
Hardware in the loop simulation is used to emulate the AC and
DC environments around the power inverters. On the DC side,
DC power amplifier is used to emulate photovoltaic power
plants and storage devices made on Lithium batteries. On the
AC side, AC power amplifier is used to emulate the behavior of
the microgrid. These two power amplifiers are controlled by a
digital real time simulator which embeds the dynamic behavior
of both DC and AC sides. |
[8] Power Converters Classification and Characterization in Power Transmission Systems EPE'19, 09/2019, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, PREVOST Thibault, DENIS Guillaume, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier |
Because of the throng of control strategies based Voltage Source Converters (VSC) recently proposed
in the literature; their classification and characterization are becoming a trending topic. The high
similarities of the proposed control strategies may lead to confusions and a misunderstanding of
vocabulary. Therefore, this paper seeks first to highlight the possible features fulfilled by power
converters in a large power system. The combination of these features is used to classify power
converters. Furthermore, power converters can be seen by a power transmission system operators as
black boxes, and they may have the same inputs and outputs, which makes their characterizations
more difficult. This paper looks to show that only the fundamental nature of the source has an
influence on the system dynamic behavior, thus, power converter can be characterized from their
transient behavior in response to grid disturbances. |
[9] Electromagnetic Transients (EMT) Model Design based on Modular Multilevel Converter Mockup The International Conference on Power Systems Transients (IPST2019), 06/2019, URL, Abstract BELHAOUANE Moez, ZHANG Haibo, COLAS Frédéric, KADRI Riad, QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, RAULT Pierre, DENNETIERE Sébastien, GUILLAUD Xavier |
This paper deals with the conception and the development of a detailed EMT Model for MMC based on
experimental results obtained from a mock-up. The main purpose is to illustrate how to exploit the performances of EMT simulation tools to develop a detailed model that represents accurately the behaviour of a physical MMC. According to step-by-step identification of the MMC element parameters, the idea is to perform a systematic method, which allows expanding an accurate EMT model considering the behaviour of the prototype and its environment. The first part depicts the MMC topology and the modelling approach of the Half-bridge Sub-Module (SM) using a detailed IGBT-based model. The second part of the simulation model conception concerns both control levels such as high-level and low-level controllers. The last part of the EMT model conception involves the modelling of measurement process, ADC (Analogue Digital Converter), sensors dynamics, the communication delays and especially the quantization effect. Finally, the obtained results from the final detailed EMT model is compared to the experimental behaviour for different active and reactive powers operating points in order to prove the effectiveness and the capability of the EMT modelling to reach a detailed and accurate model. |
[10] Tuning of AC voltage-controlled VSC based Linear Quadratic Regulation IEEE PowerTech19, 06/2019, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, LI Chuanyue Li, OUE Ko, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier, PREVOST Thibault |
In the near future, power converters will be
massively introduced in transmission grids due to renewable
energy sources and high voltage direct current (HVDC)
increase. Voltage Source Converter (VSC) control laws assume
that Synchronous Generators (SGs) build a stiff AC voltage
which allows the synchronization of converters. This is one of
the major reasons that limit the high integration of currentsource
converters in transmission grid. This constraint is no
longer relevant when power converters operate as a voltage
source based on the grid-forming concept. This concept uses an
inner cascaded PI controllers in order to regulate the output AC
voltage. However, it is difficult to tune its controller parameters
for stable operation in grid-connected mode. This paper
proposes an alternative state-feedback control with integral
compensator based linear quadratic regulation (LQR) in order
to ensure a stable operation and to get a better AC voltage
transient and good decoupling between reactive and active
power. The proposed control will be fully analyzed and
compared to conventional methods. |
[11] Inertia effect and load sharing capability of grid forming converters connected to a transmission grid 15th ACDC19, 02/2019, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, DENIS Guillaume, PREVOST Thibault, GUILLAUD Xavier |
The virtual synchronous machine concept (VSM) has been developed initially to reproduce the synchronous machine stabilizing effect by providing inertia with the emulation of swing equation, whereas droop control is developed initially to ensure load sharing and has no inertia. An introduction of a low pass filter to droop control has been motivated to filter the active power measurement and ensures a time decoupling with the inner control loops, whereas, this low-pass filter can also provide inertia to the system. This functionality is limited due to its negative impact on the active power dynamic. This paper proposes an analysis of the conventional droop control by showing its limitations and proposes an improved inertial droop control that allows providing the inertia to the system and ensures a good dynamic behavior of the active power at once in simple manner, and without modifying the load sharing capability. The results obtained are compared to the conventional method (Droop control and VSM) in various topologies in order to show the relevance of the proposed method. |
[12] Modeling and Control of the Modular Multilevel Converter connected to an inductive DC source using Energetic Macroscopic Representation EPE'18, 09/2018, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, DELARUE Philippe, LE MOIGNE Philippe, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier |
The use of DC transmission is particularly advantageous for long-distance transmission and interconnection of asynchronous AC networks. Several converter topologies can be used for HVDC. Multilevel Modular Converters (MMCs) are the most favored given their technological advantages over other converters topologies. Due to their industrial maturity, they have become essential for all AC / DC conversion. So far, they have always been studied with a voltage source on DC side. However, when the converter is equipped with DC breaker, a series inductor is associated to limit current variations. This has consequences in terms of modeling and control determination. This article aims to propose a modification of the control law in order to take into account this inductor. To facilitate the control organization, the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) is used. |
[13] Tuning of cascaded controllers for robust grid-forming Voltage Source Converter Power Systems Computation Conference, 06/2018, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier |
From the origin of the grid, energy has been delivered to electrical loads mainly by synchronous machines. All the main rules to manage the grid have been based on the electromechanical behavior of these machines which have been extensively studied for many years. Due to the increase of HVDC link and renewable energy sources as wind turbine and PV, power converters are massively introduced in the grid with a fundamentally different dynamic behavior. Some years ago, they were connected as simple power injector. Then, they were asked to provide some ancillary services to the grid, in the future, grid forming capability will be required. Even if gridforming converters had been extensively studied for microgrids and offshore grids, it has to be adapted to transmission grid where the topology may be largely modified. This paper presents an algorithm for calculating the controller parameters of a gridforming converter which guarantee a stable behavior for many different configurations of the grid. |
National Conferences and Symposiums |
[1] Contrôle du Convertisseur Modulaire Multiniveaux connecté à une source DC inductive Symposium de Génie Electrique 2018, SGE 2018, 07/2018, Abstract QORIA Taoufik, GRUSON François, DELARUE Philippe, LE MOIGNE Philippe, COLAS Frédéric, GUILLAUD Xavier |
L'utilisation de la transmission DC est particulièrement avantageuse pour la transmission à longue distance et l'interconnexion des réseaux AC asynchrones. Plusieurs topologies de convertisseur peuvent être utilisées pour le HVDC. Les convertisseurs modulaires multiniveaux (MMC) sont les plus favorisés étant donné leurs avantages technologiques par rapport aux autres topologies de convertisseurs. Du fait de leur maturité industrielle, ils se sont imposés maintenant pour tous les convertisseurs AC/DC à transistors de forte puissance. Jusqu'ici, ils ont toujours été étudiés avec une source de tension côté DC. Or, lorsqu'ils sont équipés de DC breaker, on associe une inductance en série pour limiter les variations de courant. Ceci a des conséquences en terme de modélisation puis de détermination de la commande. Cet article a pour objectif de proposer une modification de commande afin de prendre en compte cette inductance. |
PhD Thesis |
[1] Grid-forming control to achieve a 100% power electronics interfaced power transmission systems Thèse, 11/2020, URL, Abstract QORIA Taoufik |
Le développement rapide de la production d'énergie renouvelable intermittente et des liaisons HVDC entraîne une augmentation importante du taux de pénétration des convertisseurs statiques dans les réseaux de transport. Aujourd'hui, les convertisseurs statiques ont pour fonction principale d'injecter une puissance dans le réseau tout en s'appuyant sur des machines synchrones qui garantissent tous les besoins du système électrique. Ce mode de fonctionnement est appelé «Grid-following». Les convertisseurs contrôlés en Grid-following ont plusieurs limitations: leur incapacité à fonctionner en mode autonome, leurs problèmes de stabilité dans des réseaux faibles et en cas de défaut ainsi que leur effet négatif sur l'inertie équivalent du système. Pour relever ces défis, le contrôle en Grid-forming est une bonne solution pour répondre aux besoins du système électrique et permettre un fonctionnement stable et sûr du système même avec un taux de pénétration des convertisseurs statique de 100%. Tout d'abord, trois stratégies de contrôle en Grid-forming sont proposées pour garantir quatre fonctionnalités principales: contrôle de tension, contrôle de puissance, émulation d'inertie et le support de la fréquence. La dynamique et la robustesse du système basées sur chaque contrôle ont été analysées et discutées. Ensuite, selon la topologie du convertisseur, la connexion avec le réseau AC peut nécessiter des filtres et des boucles de contrôle supplémentaires. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, deux topologies de convertisseur ont été envisagées (VSC à 2-niveaux et VSC-MMC) et l'implémentation associée à chacune a été discutée. Enfin, les questions de la protection des convertisseurs Grid-forming contre les surintensités et leur synchronisation post-défaut ont été étudiées, puis, des algorithmes de limitation de courant et de resynchronisation ont été proposés pour améliorer la stabilité transitoire du système. Un banc d'essai a été développé pour confirmer les approches théoriques proposées. |
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