Fiche individuelle

The subject addressed in this paper concern the involvement of stakeholders in the management of the energy in a smart-grid. Demand side management (DSM) is indeed of particular interest to adjust the load, relying on the participation of stakeholders on a daily basis, or at least during peak hours. We discuss therefore a new methodology aiming to extract the flexibility of the stakeholders in a smart grid, by including their profiles and therefore there sensitivities and objectives in the optimisation process of the energy balance. The contribution of this paper is therefore twofold: Firstly, by the development of a methodology to understand and segment real consumer profiles for energy management, and secondly by studying and testing how each considered stakeholder can increase his satisfaction in a day ahead Demand Response program.

To address the new challenges arising from the higher penetration of renewable energy in electrical grid, Demand Side Management (DSM) and Demand Response (DR) aim to involve the residential as well as industrial consumers in the grid equilibrium. Ensuring benefits for both utility and users requires the consumers sensitivities to be understood and then included in the Energy Management System (EMS). For this purpose, the cost is the predominant and most often only factor taken into account in the literature, although in the residential sector other concerns influencing electricity consumption behaviour have been observed. This paper presents an EMS based on a neighbourhood of consumers modelled at the level of their appliance and incorporating 6 consumption profiles along three sensitivities: cost, environment and appliances shifting comfort. A multi-agent optimization is lead by a central aggregator but performed locally by the household using multi-pass Dynamic Programming (DP), thus ensuring privacy protection for the stakeholders.

The challenges raised by new energy technologies, clean energy sources and energy efficiency led us to reconsider the way we manage energy in electricity grids and the way the stakeholders are involved. To tackle these issues, the focus should emphasize not solely the technical side, but also the sociological and economic issues related to the development of these new energy solutions. This paper presents an Energy Management System (EMS) addressing the following question: how to take into account, from the grid point of view, a stakeholder willing to be involved in the grid ? Involvement-profiles amongst stakeholders, particularly the households, in terms of electricity consumption/production can be defined by a socio-economic approach, and we chose to use a potential game approach from the game theory to integrate those profiles and imagine the possible interactions among them, incorporating their sensitivities and objectives.

The challenges raised by new energy technologies, clean energy sources and energy efficiency led us to reconsider the way we manage energy in electricity grids and the way the stakeholders are involved. To tackle these issues, the focus should emphasize not solely the technical side, but also the sociological and economic issues related to the development of these new energy solutions. This paper presents an Energy Management System (EMS) addressing the following question: how to take into account, from the grid point of view, a stakeholder willing to be involved in the grid ? Involvement-profiles amongst stakeholders, particularly the households, in terms of electricity consumption/production can be defined by a socio-economic approach, and we chose to use a potential game approach from the game theory to integrate those profiles and imagine the possible interactions among them, incorporating their sensitivities and objectives.

Les défis environnementaux auxquels nous sommes confrontés impliquent de consommer moins, plus efficacement, et de produire de manière moins impactante. D'un point de vue électrique, la gestion d'énergie dans les réseaux est un des points cruciaux pour atteindre la meilleure efficacité possible tout en augmentant la pénétration d'énergies renouvelables, garante d'une production moins polluante. L'ensemble des acteurs du réseau doit donc prendre part à l'équilibre du réseau, tout en ayant leurs sensibilités et contraintes respectées. Cette prise en compte des acteurs est en effet un gage d'acceptation et d'implication de ceux-ci. Ce travail se veut exploratoire, par la définition et la compréhension des acteurs du réseau électrique dans un premier temps, puis par la réflexion sur l'intégration de leurs profils dans un superviseur énergétique. Le génie électrique seul ne permettant pas de répondre entièrement à cette problématique, l'apport des sciences humaines et sociales a été sollicité. Cette thèse a donc un fort caractère interdisciplinaire, illustré par la coopération avec des chercheur·es en sociologie et économie impliqué·es dans son encadrement. Le résultat de ces recherches est une méthodologie en 3 étapes, applicable à tous les acteurs du réseau. La première étape est la définition des profils d'acteurs. La deuxième est la première brique du superviseur énergétique, optimisant les productions/consommations la veille pour le lendemain. Enfin, la troisième étape est la partie temps réel du superviseur, ajustant au cours de la journée les productions/consommations. Cette thèse se décompose en deux parties distinctes: d'un côté la méthodologie présentant le détail des étapes et des approches choisies, et de l'autre l'application de cette méthode à un cas d'étude résidentiel